After the wars of conquest in Mesoamerica during the sixteenth century, a complex process of reorganization of the Indigenous population started, with social, political, and economic implications. The Indigenous nobility, some of whom fought alongside the Spaniards, quickly adapted to the new political regime through various legal strategies to keep their privileges as principal lords. One of these involved elaborating manuscripts and visual stories similar to the European legal documents known as probanzas de méritos. These Indigenous probanzas had a unique rhetorical style, featuring symbolic elements with several discussions and interpretations. This presentation aims to analyze and compare the rhetorical discourse of two probanzas of Indigenous conquerors from the second half of the sixteenth century: the Lienzo de Tlaxcala from Central Mexico and the Yaxkukul and Cħac Xulub Cħen Chronicles of the Pech lineage from Yucatan. By examining the structure of both historical sources, I will explore Indigenous participation in the conquests, the native sociopolitical organization at the time of contact with Europeans, and the process of Indigenous adaptation to the colonial system in New Spain.